Echenique Forces
At first he thought Castilla Echenique going to Lurin and placed his army from Monterrico Chico to the main road from Lima to Lurin. But in taking prisoner an enemy soldier, learns the true position and opts for this location:
Right end of the line: the Huaca Juliana. This of its elevation, has the advantage of dominating the way Lurin Lima and Callao way south to the sea side.
Far left: small farm Surquillo huaca front (you can see extinct east of the tram station, Allison Rose Broggi 1941).
The bond line was almost straight and consisted of walls and fences. The location of the troops was as follows:
In the Huaca Juliana, 14 artillery pieces and Pichincha Battalion No. 1. In the rear of the Huaca Regiment Hussars of Junin.
In the Temple of the left, 3 pieces of artillery and the battalion No. 2. Forward line infantry.
In the center battalions No. 7, 5, 6, 3, 4, 8, 9 and 2, in this order from right to left. No. 7 The battalion was reinforced from behind with 3 pieces of artillery.
At the ends of the line and closing the passage, the light cavalry (against montoneros).
In a second line, the reservation and the rest of the cavalry was in San Borja. Headquarters in Limatambo, was treacherous.
[Edit] Forces of Castile
As noted, Ramón Castilla and Marquez had to abandon his attempt to advance on Callao. Then saw fit as a measure of prudence, dig for the moment at the prospect of a possible attack. This was the situation:
An oblique concave north west (NW) to southeast (SE).
Far right: direct path of Miraflores Surco.
Far left: village of Miraflores.
The center was covered by walls arranged at the moment.
Distribution of the troops:
Far right, a battalion of the line, left 10 pieces of artillery.
Far left, defended Miraflores a battalion composed of the Sacred Invincible, cuirassiers, flankers and light squadron and 6 pieces of artillery.
At the center, 9 battalions of the line.
At the rear, towards Chorrillos, the reserve consists of two divisions, framed by two pieces of artillery in the center of the line. The cavalry left and right complete the booking.
In this position, facing the armies remained until January 4, 1855. Meanwhile Castilla knew the position and the enemy forces and tried to cut the dams, it kept its power as a tactic against the enemy.
These awards give rise to small gatherings in which the liberators, the Castilians, were gunned down by batteries of huacas and fires the team that was in Chorrillos. The most important of these meetings was that of January 2, 1855, when constitutional, Echenique, attempted to seize the town of Miraflores, being rejected by the strong resistance of the liberators.
Castilla became convinced that their situation was not favorable for a battle, so that, after examination of the surroundings, he chose the farm La Palma.
On January 4, at night giving a proof of his native cunning, Castile ordered the transfer of position, but warned the soldiers to leave their helmets and wearing head on the walls that previously occupied.
Line slid to the right and took a downtown location and support in the Hacienda La Palma. Just got to concentrate their forces while the fire away from the dangerous squad. Their tactic was to start the Huaca Juliana Echenique making him understand that effected an advance on Lima, the Pampa de San Borja. Then I could have enough room to deploy his forces to launch an offensive as well as a point of resistance if necessary.
[Edit] The battle
On the morning of day 5, the constitutional army decided to launch the attack. Seeing that the enemy did not answer, he believed that he was retiring. Gen. Juan Antonio Pezet, commanding the vanguard, is released on Miraflores to leave doubt and considering that no one, steers a Chorrillos in search of the liberators. On the way encounters a division of Castile was to join him at La Palma and take some prisoners. Corrects its march toward the hacienda. Attacked by General San Román and forced to divide his forces. Arriving at the farm pond, is stopped by the artillery was located there.At that time General Pedro Cisneros launched an attack on the center line of Castile, a battalion of it is disorganized and fled, but Castilla-sighted, orders to fill the gap with the First Division Reserve, consisting of the battalion " January 7 "and the battalion" Cusco ", commanded by Colonel Domingo Gamio and Colonel Bustamante, who committed first by fire, bayonet charge later and dispersed the enemy's center.
Meanwhile, the right was attacked by General Deustua, who after an intense struggle, falls seriously injured and the attack is weakened. Take advantage of the fact Col. Segura of the liberators, and cargo division. The constitutional make them enter the reserve commanded by General Store, General and General Mendiburu Lopera and San Roman general attack on the right, beginning an encircling movement. For two hours struggling with passion, consumed ammunition, the liberators are launched the assault with the bayonet and the hand begins to sag.
The cavalry tries to prevent attacks and defeat the left, but the cavalry of Castile, under Colonel Alvizuri, into action and attack the enemy flank.Thus began the withdrawal of Echenique and the pursuit of these for those of Castile. On reaching the enemy positions, the opposite was beaten, broken.
"In this battle, part of a civil war, which fought for national justice, who won flying the banner of national freedom against the dominance of special interests. The victory was due to the serenity and timing of the head, Castile, and the discipline and bravery of his troops "(Rosa Allison Broggi, Lib. Cit.)
Loose As data is added that Marshal Ramón Castilla EP, at the time of the Confederation Peru-Bolivia, fought the famous battle of Yungay, next to restaurant owners, against the confederation. An important character of the battle was Ramón Castilla who reversed the battle for the restorers.
[Edit] References
Aristides Herrera Cuntti, "Historical notes of a great city," AHC Editions Peru, Lima 1983, 1984, Chincha, Peru, 2000, 2006 ISBN 9972-2908-0-8, Legal Deposit No. 2006-10131 in the National Library of Peru .
Alberto Tauro del Pino, "Encyclopedia of Peru", last edition 2001, Lima Peru. ISBN 99724014999789972401497
Allison Rose Broggi, "Miraflores: yesterday, today and tomorrow," Lima Peru.
Dustin, Book: JOsDEaTE
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